Jo Ann North

Property Assessor

I WANT TO ..

• Look at your file data on my property

• Estimate my property taxes

• Learn how the appraisal processes work

• Read about Business Personalty Assessment

• Find a parcel on Metro's online property maps

• Go to Metro Nashville Government's Home Page

Duties of the Assessor

General

The Davidson County Assessor of Property is a Tennessee constitutionally elected official who serves at the pleasure of the Davidson County citizens for a four-year term of office.  It is the assessor's responsibility to discover, list, classify, and value all property within the jurisdiction of Davidson County for tax purposes.  Taxable property is divided into two classes, real property and personal property (better known as personalty).  Real property includes land and all buildings, structures, and improvements to the land.  Personal property is machinery and equipment, fixtures, furniture, and other items that are movable in nature used by a business.

The Assessor's job is multi-faceted and involves the performance of the following major duties:

Discover

To ensure that all property that should legally be on the county assessment roll is properly listed, classified and valued, it must first be located and identified.  This task of discovery is a constant attempt to capture all new construction, additions and demolition of existing improvements, as well as changes to land use and configuration.  To accomplish this, assessment personnel track building permits, completion notices, property sales, zoning changes and a host of other sources for information about property status.  Field inspections of all subdivisions and rural sectors of the county on a regular basis help the Assessor keep records as up-to-date as possible with regard to property changes.  Discovery of personal property is accomplished through a reporting schedule that businesses are required to file each year by 1 March, listing all personal property or updating those schedules already on file.

List

After locating property, assessing personnel must accurately record and list all of that property's characteristics to properly value the land and all improvements.  All structures and extra features are measured, and amenities or features that affect the market value of the improvements such as bathrooms, interior and exterior trim, floors finish, roofing type, etc. are noted for quantity and quality.  After all data has been collected on a property, the information is compared to all similar properties using a computer assisted mass appraisal (CAMA) system that contains the property characteristics of all land and buildings in the county.

Classify

Along with assigning a value to property, the Assessor also establishes the classification or "use category" for each property, which determines the assessment level that will be used in taxation for that property.  Tennessee law establishes the following assessment levels for different property classes:

Residential - 25%

Commercial and Industrial - 40%

Farm - 25%

Exempt - 0%

Public Utility - 55% (both real and personal)

Personal Property - 30%

Value

The rules governing the tax appraisal process in Tennessee are based upon the same principles and procedures that are used throughout the appraisal profession.  There are three basic approaches to the valuation of real property:

• The Market Approach involves comparison of a property to other properties with similar characteristics that have recently been sold.

• The Cost Approach involves estimating the replacement cost of a structure, and adjusting that estimate to account for depreciation.

• The Income Approach is an analysis of a property's value based on its capacity to generate revenue for the owner.

The goal of the Assessor is to estimate fair market value for all property in the county.  Fair market value is defined as how much a property would sell for, in an open market, under normal conditions.  To determine market values, the assessor must be familiar with all aspects of the local real estate market, such as; what different types of properties are selling for, local construction and repair cost, normal operating expenses, typical rents, and current financing charges for borrowing money to build or buy property.

Mapping

For the Assessor, maps are a means to inventory all real property within the jurisdiction. The Assessor is required to maintain an up-to-date set of maps that display all of the parcels in the county, detailing their locations and physical characteristics. In Davidson County, this is accomplished through the use of a CAD-based GIS (Geographic Information System). Master digital maps are updated to reflect new subdivisions, surveys, property splits and the combining of parcels as they occur, and then paper maps are printed and placed in cabinets for reference and public viewing.

Reappraisal

Reappraisal of property for tax purposes is required on a periodic basis to maintain appraisals at market value and to ensure equity of appraisals throughout the jurisdiction. Every county in Tennessee is on either a four, five, or six year cycle of reappraisal. Davidson County is on a four year cycle that consists of three years of comprehensive on-site review of every parcel of property in the county, followed by revaluation of all property in the fourth year.

Appeals and Tax Rolls

Each year, the assessor is required to create and maintain an assessment roll detailing all county property, its owner, and its value. This roll, with preliminary, or tentative assessments, is made available for public inspection in May. Property owners whose property have changed in value are notified by mail of those changes, and are given an opportunity to appeal any values they feel are inconsistent with the fair market value of their property. The County Board of Equalization, after hearing owners’ appeals and ordering any changes they feel are warranted, makes the assessment roll final for the year. The Assessor of Property then turns the roll over to local taxing authorities.

Public Assistance

Another important duty of the office is maintaining and providing public information to assist taxpayers and the general public with questions regarding property ownership, assessment, and recent property sales. The Assessor’s office handles thousands of requests annually on the phone, through the mail, or in person from current or prospective property owners, as well as from the real estate, legal, and banking communities.

Myths and Legends

Now that you have a better idea of what the Assessor of Property does, here are a few things that the Assessor does not do. Contrary to popular belief, the Assessor:

• does not set the tax rate

• does not create or send out tax bills

• does not collect taxes

Tax rates for Davidson County and the City of Nashville are set each year by the Metro Council based on the budget they pass to fund programs and services. The Davidson County Trustee is responsible for using that tax rate and the assessment roll from the assessor’s office to create and send out tax bills to all county property owners. The Trustee is also responsible for collecting property taxes.

In Closing

Equitable assessments assure property owners that they are paying only their fair share of the costs of operating schools and libraries, providing police and fire protection, road construction and maintenance, water, sanitation, and other basic public services. To this end, the Assessor of Property is responsible to the taxpayers of Davidson County to ensure that all property is valued in accordance with state laws, that no property escapes the assessment process or is under assessed, and that no property owner receives unauthorized preferential treatment.